Translation

Toxin-antitoxin systems are widespread in bacteria. Here the authors present structures of M. tuberculosis HigB^TAC alone and bound to the ribosome in the presence of native cspA mRNA, shedding light on its mechanism of translation inhibition.

Ataluren is the only nonsense suppressor drug currently approved for clinical use. Here, the authors determine where ataluren binds to the ribosome and how it inhibits termination at nonsense codons.

Stop codon recoding is a unique mechanism for selenoprotein biogenesis. Here, the authors report regulatory systems for selenoprotein expression during skeletal muscle differentiation by regulating A-to-I RNA editing and stop codon recoding.

This paper develops a multiplex RNA-seq method that reports tRNA abundance, modification, charging, and fragmentation. Results show stress-induced regulation in translational elongation and association of modification and tRNA fragment biogenesis.

PKAN and PD are two distinct diseases with overlapping pathophysiology. Here, authors show that their pathogenic genes PANK2 and PINK1 interact. PANK2 regulates mitophagy via CoA metabolism, while PINK1 supervises PANK2 translation on mitochondria.

Zhang et al. report that a non-canonical cGAS–STING pathway activates PERK–eIF2α to elaborate cap-dependent mRNA translation and contributes to senescence and fibrosis.