In this Review, Diener et al. discuss the concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source, proposing updates to the criteria and diagnostic algorithm in light of evidence gathered since the concept was first introduced.

In this Review, Coyne and Rothstein discuss disruptions to the nuclear pore complex and nucleocytoplasmic transport, which are emerging as pathological mechanisms in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, and consider the effects of these changes on cellular function and their potential for therapeutic targeting.

Analysis of brain images taken before and after infection with SARS-CoV-2 suggests that even mild COVID-19 is associated with brain structure alterations and cognitive impairment. However, the clinical implications for individuals are unclear and further studies are needed to assess the generalizability of the findings and whether the effects are long-lasting.

In this Review, the authors discuss how various immunotherapies for neuroimmunological diseases interact with vaccination responses, including responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, and the implications for the safe and effective use of vaccines in patients with these diseases.

A recent paper published in Science Translational Medicine presents evidence for a role of the enzyme autotaxin in excitotoxicity after stroke.

New research shows that long-range and local interactions between amyloid-β and tau promote the spread of tau pathology in Alzheimer disease.

A recent paper published in Nature reports on an ambitious project to construct standardized charts to aid recognition of typical and atypical development of the human brain.