The coastal regions of the Western North Pacific have seen large increases in tropical cyclone heavy rainfall frequency. Statistical fingerprint analysis shows that this observed geographical change in heavy rainfall is related to anthropogenic climate change.

Climate change is causing more frequent and intense precipitation extremes, yet the changes are difficult to project. Here, climate models are used to develop an emergent constraint; applying this suggests a 32% increase in the frequency of precipitation extremes by the end of the century.

Co-occurring hot and dry extremes are predicted to increase with global warming. Changes in precipitation will modulate the extent of these changes, highlighting the importance of understanding regional precipitation trends to prepare society and minimize impacts.

Atmospheric rivers, concentrated plumes of moisture important to extratropical precipitation, have not changed with historical warming. Model simulations suggest that this is due to the competing weakening effect of aerosols and strengthening effect of greenhouse gases, which dominates with future warming.

South Asian agriculture depends on water from rains, meltwater and groundwater, but climate change impacts the timing of these water sources’ availability. Projections indicate that meltwater and groundwater will become more important and will need to offset reduced rainfall during drier years.

Young people around the world have joined the school climate strikes and shared belief of the unfair climate threat or proper future actions. However, different adolescents still have divergent opinions on the image, effectiveness or motivation of the protest activities.

The authors show earlier future phytoplankton bloom initiation timing in most oceans, while shifts in bloom peak timing will vary widely by region. In the extratropics, these phenological changes will exceed background natural variability by the end of the twenty-first century.

The coastal regions of the Western North Pacific have seen large increases in tropical cyclone heavy rainfall frequency. Statistical fingerprint analysis shows that this observed geographical change in heavy rainfall is related to anthropogenic climate change.

The authors demonstrate that a vegetation system’s ability to recover from disturbances—its resilience—can be estimated from its natural variability. Global patterns of resilience loss and gains since the early 1990s reveal shifts towards widespread resilience loss since the early 2000s.

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is predicted to slow with climate change. Sea surface temperature data and climate model analysis show that since 1900 natural variability has been dominant in AMOC changes; anthropogenic forcing is not yet reliably detectable by this method.

The recent IPCC report highlights the importance of demand-side solutions in mitigation strategies. Understanding the motivation and capacity of these solutions is essential, and could help to promote collective and practical actions for this critical decade.

Numerous examples highlight leadership and real climate action in the Global South. With financial support from and partnership with countries in the Global North, this leadership can be a cornerstone for getting on track to meeting the Paris Agreement.